1695-A 1/12 Ec MS(PCGS#437842)

Winter 2022 U.S. Coins Auction

拍卖行

Stack's Bowers

批号

1028

等级

F Details

价格

11,017

详细说明

1695 1/12 Ecu Overstruck on 1670-A 5 Sols Plated in Martin France. 1695-A 1/12 Ecu struck over 1670-A French Colonies 5 Sols. Paris Mint. Fine Details—Bent (PCGS). 31.6 grains. A fascinating artifact reflective of the occasional return of the GLORIAM REGNI pieces to France after their circulation in the Western Hemisphere. Though their authorizing legislation made it illegal for them to circulate in mainland France, a few seem to have found their way back. This is one of four examples of this type Martin was able to identify on 1670-A 5 sols hosts, all illustrated on pages 98 and 99 of his French Coinage Specifically for Colonial America. Aside from the dent at central reverse that earned this coin its PCGS qualifier, it is an attractive circulated specimen, with dark gray fields and lighter silver gray devices. Some granularity is seen, chiefly at peripheries, and some old scrapes are noted in the upper right obverse. The 167 of the host date is easily seen at the rim left of 6 o'clock as seen on the overstrike, and LVD from the host obverse is bold atop the overstrike obverse. This piece and the few others like it that have been identified were the subject of an article in the Fall 2014 C4 Newsletterby Jacques St.-Arnaud (along with two similar pieces in the Canadian Numismatic Journal, cited in Martin). He cites a 1691 document from Quebec (earlier from Shortt, page 97) that mentions the need to send "coins not yet restamped" back to "the mints in France for conversion into new money." While this probably refers to the old billon 12 sols that were recoined into 15 sols in this era, there was a widescale program to overstrike older silver and gold French coins as they were officially revalued. Pieces like this may have been swept up in that process. Additional information pertaining to this lot: The Most Complete Collection of 1670 French Colonies Coinage Ever Assembled Including Both Die Varieties of 1670 15 Sols and the Unique 1670 Double De L'Amerique Without question, the 1670 issues for the French Colonies of the New World are the focal rarities of the entire French Colonial series. Syd Martin cherished them. He avidly collected them, assembling an unheard-of array of 16 5 sols, two extremely rare 15 sols, and the prized unique Double de l'Amerique. His 2015 work French Coinage Specifically for Colonial Americaincluded his exacting research on the series, both technical numismatic data and historical background. The sum of his remarkable work on these coins will be very difficult to surpass. Syd also delved heavily into the historiography of these rare coins, particularly through auction catalogs offering examples of the 15 sols. The first American offering of a specimen took place in Ed Frossard's May 1882 sale of the Gerald Hart Collection, a coin acquired at the time by the Canadian government and now in the collection of the Bank of Canada. "Concerning the rarity of this coin," Frossard wrote, "fully described by Prof. Anthon in the American Journal of Numismatics, and subsequently illustrated by me in Numisma, but little need be said." He continued: "Let it suffice to state, that during the last 20 years our foremost collectors have in vain endeavored to discover a specimen abroad, and that all orders for it to European coin dealers have up to this time remain unfulfilled. The coin is not in the French National Cabinet, and but two specimens are owned by members of the French Numismatic Society." Though Frossard claimed he had been looking for one for two decades, he was almost certainly exaggerating. The first American mention of the 1670-dated 5 sols and 15 sols appears to have come from the January 1870 American Journal of Numismaticsunder the heading "A New 'Colonial,'" authored anonymously by Prof. Charles Anthon. He cites these coins - and the unique copper double - from his discovery of a short mention in the 1849 edition of the Numismatische Zeitungpublished at "Weissensee in Thuringia, Germany." Anthon's commentary makes clear that he knew of none in any cabinet, American or European. By 1876 (as noted in the January 1877 AJN), Anthon knew of two: a high grade piece in France (presumably the Mint State coin now in the Bibliotheque Nationale) and an example that a Mr. Quackenbush of Hackensack, New Jersey acquired from a sailor who arrived aboard a potato schooner from Nova Scotia. By the time G.M. Fairchild wrote in 1889 in the Canadian Antiquarian and Numismatic Journal, the number known had increased to four. From its first American mention, the 1670 GLORIAM REGNI coinage has been attributed primarily to Canada, based upon Anthon's discovery of a reference to the coinage in the 1690 Traite des Monnoyesby Francois LeBlanc (there identified as "America - Canada"). This attribution has carried on the present day, though Jerome Jambu's 2021 article in the Journal of Early American Numismatics("The Coins Made 'for the Islands and Mainland of America' by the French West India Company (1670)") provides strong original source evidence arguing that these coins were intended not just primarily, but solely, for the islands of the French West Indies. Recounting the first abortive plan for a coinage for the French West Indies in 1665 and the documents that lead to the coinage of 1670, Jambu links the issue to efforts to Christianize the natives of the islands by maintaining a healthy population of Frenchmen, Christian men (and their families) who would need to conduct small scale commerce with a form of money not linked to the annual sugar crop. The reverse legend of the GLORIAM REGNI coins offer a link to these evangelical goals. The legend "Gloria regni tui dicent" comes from Psalm 144: "They will tell of the glory of Your reign and speak of Your power to make known this power to the sons of men, and the magnificent glory of Your kingdom." The portion seen on the coin design represents the first clause: they will tell the glory of Your reign. Jambu sourced documents that show the GLORIAM REGNI 5 sols and 15 sols were struck at the Paris Mint between July 7 and September 4, 1670. Published mintages of 40,000 (for the 15 sols) and 200,000 (for the 5 sols) fairly neatly match Jambu's calculated mintages of 40,877 and 199,087, respectively. The French West Indies Company transported these coins to Martinique, and distribution began in earnest in 1671. An ordinance published on Martinique on February 9 of that year referenced the "introduction of coins," and by year-end the coins had also been delivered to Guadeloupe and the smaller islands of the French Antilles. Struck from good silver and at good weight, with only their legends to distinguish them from mainland French types, the coins quickly left the islands via trade. Despite the explicit proscription of French mainland circulation of the coins, many returned to Europe. Others bounced around the western Atlantic, and hoard evidence shows many did find their way to Canada. Undoubtedly some reached the ports of the English colonies as well. There appear to be roughly 17 examples of the 1670-A 15 sols known. Martin recorded 15 discrete specimens, plus a number of earlier appearances or mentions that could not be matched or traced. Two examples that do not appear to have been previously counted have come to market since the 2015 publication of the Martin book. A full census is given beneath each of the specimens here, representing both known die varieties of the issue. The 1670-A 5 sols, while very scarce and highly sought after, are the only collectible coins from this historic emission. Building upon work done Walter Breen, Bob Vlack, and others, Syd identified 15 obverse dies and 14 reverse dies. In 1976, Breen mentioned five obverses and three reverse; 20 years later, Vlack told this cataloger he had seen only three obverses. In his 1988 Encyclopedia, Breen noted "7 minor vars." After Syd turned his remarkable numismatic talents to this series, we now know of 21, none more common than Rarity-7 individually. Of those, he was able to acquire 11 different die marriages. The fruits of his labors are offered below. Jambu's estimate that some 43 dies were likely used in the production of the 1670 5 sols and 15 sols suggests that further labors will be fruitful as well. Provenance: From the Sydney F. Martin Collection. Earlier ex Pierre Raymond; Canadian Numismatic Auction Company's 2017 RCNA sale, July 2017, lot 66. PCGS# 437842. Click here for certification details from PCGS. Image with the PCGS TrueView logo is obtained from and is subject to a license agreement with Collectors Universe, Inc. and its divisions PCGS and PSA.